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UPDATE-CA-TRUST(8) UPDATE-CA-TRUST(8)
NAME
update-ca-trust - manage consolidated and dynamic configuration of CA certificates and
associated trust
SYNOPSIS
update-ca-trust [COMMAND]
DESCRIPTION
update-ca-trust(8) is used to manage a consolidated and dynamic configuration feature of
Certificate Authority (CA) certificates and associated trust.
The feature is available for new applications that read the consolidated configuration
files found in the /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted directory or that load the PKCS#11 module
p11-kit-trust.so
Parts of the new feature are also provided in a way to make it useful for legacy
applications.
Many legacy applications expect CA certificates and trust configuration in a fixed
location, contained in files with particular path and name, or by referring to a classic
PKCS#11 trust module provided by the NSS cryptographic library.
The dynamic configuration feature provides functionally compatible replacements for
classic configuration files and for the classic NSS trust module named libnssckbi.
In order to enable legacy applications, that read the classic files or access the classic
module, to make use of the new consolidated and dynamic configuration feature, the classic
filenames have been changed to symbolic links. The symbolic links refer to dynamically
created and consolidated output stored below the /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted directory
hierarchy.
The output is produced using the update-ca-trust command (without parameters), or using
the update-ca-trust extract command. In order to produce the output, a flexible set of
source configuration is read, as described in section SOURCE CONFIGURATION.
In addition, the classic PKCS#11 module is replaced with a new PKCS#11 module
(p11-kit-trust.so) that dynamically reads the same source configuration.
SOURCE CONFIGURATION
The dynamic configuration feature uses several source directories that will be scanned for
any number of source files. It is important to select the correct subdirectory for adding
files, as the subdirectory defines how contained certificates will be trusted or
distrusted, and which file formats are read.
Files in subdirectories below the directory hierarchy /usr/share/pki/ca-trust-source/
contain CA certificates and trust settings in the PEM file format. The trust settings
found here will be interpreted with a low priority.
Files in subdirectories below the directory hierarchy /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/ contain CA
certificates and trust settings in the PEM file format. The trust settings found here will
be interpreted with a high priority.
You may use the following rules of thumb to decide, whether your configuration files
should be added to the /etc or rather to the /usr directory hierarchy:
o If you are manually adding a configuration file to a system, you probably want it to
override any other default configuration, and you most likely should add it to the
respective subdirectory in the /etc hierarchy.
o If you are creating a package that provides additional root CA certificates, that is
intended for distribution to several computer systems, but you still want to allow the
administrator to override your list, then your package should add your files to the
respective subdirectory in the /usr hierarchy.
o If you are creating a package that is supposed to override the default system trust
settings, that is intended for distribution to several computer systems, then your
package should install the files to the respective subdirectory in the /etc hierarchy.
QUICK HELP 1: To add a certificate in the simple PEM or DER file formats to the list of
CAs trusted on the system:
o add it as a new file to directory /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/
o run update-ca-trust extract
QUICK HELP 2: If your certificate is in the extended BEGIN TRUSTED file format (which may
contain distrust/blacklist trust flags, or trust flags for usages other than TLS) then:
o add it as a new file to directory /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/
o run update-ca-trust extract
In order to offer simplicity and flexibility, the way certificate files are treated
depends on the subdirectory they are installed to.
o simple trust anchors subdirectory: /usr/share/pki/ca-trust-source/anchors/ or
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/
o simple blacklist (distrust) subdirectory: /usr/share/pki/ca-trust-source/blacklist/ or
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/blacklist/
o extended format directory: /usr/share/pki/ca-trust-source/ or
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/
In the main directories /usr/share/pki/ca-trust-source/ or /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/ you
may install one or multiple files in the following file formats:
o certificate files that include trust flags, in the BEGIN/END TRUSTED CERTIFICATE file
format (any file name), which have been created using the openssl x509 tool and the
-addreject -addtrust options. Bundle files with multiple certificates are supported.
o files in the p11-kit file format using the .p11-kit file name extension, which can
(e.g.) be used to distrust certificates based on serial number and issuer name,
without having the full certificate available. (This is currently an undocumented
format, to be extended later. For examples of the supported formats, see the files
shipped with the ca-certificates package.)
o certificate files without trust flags in either the DER file format or in the PEM
(BEGIN/END CERTIFICATE) file format (any file name). Such files will be added with
neutral trust, neither trusted nor distrusted. They will simply be known to the
system, which might be helpful to assist cryptographic software in constructing chains
of certificates. (If you want a CA certificate in these file formats to be trusted,
you should remove it from this directory and move it to the ./anchors subdirectory
instead.)
In the anchors subdirectories /usr/share/pki/ca-trust-source/anchors/ or
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ you may install one or multiple certificates in either
the DER file format or in the PEM (BEGIN/END CERTIFICATE) file format. Each certificate
will be treated as trusted for all purposes.
In the blacklist subdirectories /usr/share/pki/ca-trust-source/blacklist/ or
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/blacklist/ you may install one or multiple certificates in either
the DER file format or in the PEM (BEGIN/END CERTIFICATE) file format. Each certificate
will be treated as distrusted for all purposes.
Please refer to the x509(1) manual page for the documentation of the BEGIN/END CERTIFICATE
and BEGIN/END TRUSTED CERTIFICATE file formats.
Applications that rely on a static file for a list of trusted CAs may load one of the
files found in the /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted directory. After modifying any file in the
/usr/share/pki/ca-trust-source/ or /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/ directories or in any of
their subdirectories, or after adding a file, it is necessary to run the update-ca-trust
extract command, in order to update the consolidated files in /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/
.
Applications that load the classic PKCS#11 module using filename libnssckbi.so (which has
been converted into a symbolic link pointing to the new module) and any application
capable of loading PKCS#11 modules and loading p11-kit-trust.so, will benefit from the
dynamically merged set of certificates and trust information stored in the
/usr/share/pki/ca-trust-source/ and /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/ directories.
EXTRACTED CONFIGURATION
The directory /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/ contains generated CA certificate bundle files
which are created and updated, based on the SOURCE CONFIGURATION by running the
update-ca-trust extract command.
If your application isn't able to load the PKCS#11 module p11-kit-trust.so, then you can
use these files in your application to load a list of global root CA certificates.
Please never manually edit the files stored in this directory, because your changes will
be lost and the files automatically overwritten, each time the update-ca-trust extract
command gets executed.
In order to install new trusted or distrusted certificates, please rather install them in
the respective subdirectory below the /usr/share/pki/ca-trust-source/ or
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/ directories, as described in the SOURCE CONFIGURATION section.
The directory /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java/ contains a CA certificate bundle in the
java keystore file format. Distrust information cannot be represented in this file format,
and distrusted certificates are missing from these files. File cacerts contains CA
certificates trusted for TLS server authentication.
The directory /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl/ contains CA certificate bundle files in
the extended BEGIN/END TRUSTED CERTIFICATE file format, as described in the x509(1) manual
page. File ca-bundle.trust.crt contains the full set of all trusted or distrusted
certificates, including the associated trust flags.
The directory /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/ contains CA certificate bundle files in the
simple BEGIN/END CERTIFICATE file format, as described in the x509(1) manual page.
Distrust information cannot be represented in this file format, and distrusted
certificates are missing from these files. File tls-ca-bundle.pem contains CA certificates
trusted for TLS server authentication. File email-ca-bundle.pem contains CA certificates
trusted for E-Mail protection. File objsign-ca-bundle.pem contains CA certificates trusted
for code signing.
COMMANDS
(absent/empty command)
Same as the extract command described below. (However, the command may print fewer
warnings, as this command is being run during rpm package installation, where
non-fatal status output is undesired.)
extract
Instruct update-ca-trust to scan the SOURCE CONFIGURATION and produce updated versions
of the consolidated configuration files stored below the /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted
directory hierarchy.
FILES
/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
Classic filename, file contains a list of CA certificates trusted for TLS server
authentication usage, in the simple BEGIN/END CERTIFICATE file format, without
distrust information. This file is a symbolic link that refers to the consolidated
output created by the update-ca-trust command.
/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.trust.crt
Classic filename, file contains a list of CA certificates in the extended BEGIN/END
TRUSTED CERTIFICATE file format, which includes trust (and/or distrust) flags specific
to certificate usage. This file is a symbolic link that refers to the consolidated
output created by the update-ca-trust command.
/etc/pki/java/cacerts
Classic filename, file contains a list of CA certificates trusted for TLS server
authentication usage, in the Java keystore file format, without distrust information.
This file is a symbolic link that refers to the consolidated output created by the
update-ca-trust command.
/usr/share/pki/ca-trust-source
Contains multiple, low priority source configuration files as explained in section
SOURCE CONFIGURATION. Please pay attention to the specific meanings of the respective
subdirectories.
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source
Contains multiple, high priority source configuration files as explained in section
SOURCE CONFIGURATION. Please pay attention to the specific meanings of the respective
subdirectories.
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted
Contains consolidated and automatically generated configuration files for consumption
by applications, which are created using the update-ca-trust extract command. Don't
edit files in this directory, because they will be overwritten. See section EXTRACTED
CONFIGURATION for additional details.
AUTHOR
Written by Kai Engert and Stef Walter.
update-ca-trust 10/16/2023 UPDATE-CA-TRUST(8)
Generated by $Id: phpMan.php,v 4.55 2007/09/05 04:42:51 chedong Exp $ Author: Che Dong
On Apache
Under GNU General Public License
2024-04-29 00:16 @18.191.228.88 CrawledBy Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)