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SYSTEMD-JOURNALD.SERVICE(8) systemd-journald.service SYSTEMD-JOURNALD.SERVICE(8)
NAME
systemd-journald.service, systemd-journald.socket, systemd-journald - Journal service
SYNOPSIS
systemd-journald.service
systemd-journald.socket
/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald
DESCRIPTION
systemd-journald is a system service that collects and stores logging data. It creates and
maintains structured, indexed journals based on logging information that is received from
a variety of sources:
o Kernel log messages, via kmsg
o Simple system log messages, via the libc syslog(3) call
o Structured system log messages via the native Journal API, see sd_journal_print(4)
o Standard output and standard error of system services
o Audit records, via the audit subsystem
The daemon will implicitly collect numerous metadata fields for each log messages in a
secure and unfakeable way. See systemd.journal-fields(7) for more information about the
collected metadata.
Log data collected by the journal is primarily text-based but can also include binary data
where necessary. All objects stored in the journal can be up to 2^64-1 bytes in size.
By default, the journal stores log data in /run/log/journal/. Since /run/ is volatile, log
data is lost at reboot. To make the data persistent, it is sufficient to create
/var/log/journal/ where systemd-journald will then store the data.
systemd-journald will forward all received log messages to the AF_UNIX/SOCK_DGRAM socket
/run/systemd/journal/syslog, if it exists, which may be used by Unix syslog daemons to
process the data further.
See journald.conf(5) for information about the configuration of this service.
SIGNALS
SIGUSR1
Request that journal data from /run/ is flushed to /var/ in order to make it
persistent (if this is enabled). This must be used after /var/ is mounted, as
otherwise log data from /run is never flushed to /var regardless of the configuration.
SIGUSR2
Request immediate rotation of the journal files.
KERNEL COMMAND LINE
A few configuration parameters from journald.conf may be overridden on the kernel command
line:
systemd.journald.forward_to_syslog=, systemd.journald.forward_to_kmsg=,
systemd.journald.forward_to_console=, systemd.journald.forward_to_wall=
Enables/disables forwarding of collected log messages to syslog, the kernel log
buffer, the system console or wall.
See journald.conf(5) for information about these settings.
ACCESS CONTROL
Journal files are, by default, owned and readable by the "systemd-journal" system group
but are not writable. Adding a user to this group thus enables her/him to read the journal
files.
By default, each logged in user will get her/his own set of journal files in
/var/log/journal/. These files will not be owned by the user, however, in order to avoid
that the user can write to them directly. Instead, file system ACLs are used to ensure the
user gets read access only.
Additional users and groups may be granted access to journal files via file system access
control lists (ACL). Distributions and administrators may choose to grant read access to
all members of the "wheel" and "adm" system groups with a command such as the following:
# setfacl -Rnm g:wheel:rx,d:g:wheel:rx,g:adm:rx,d:g:adm:rx /var/log/journal/
Note that this command will update the ACLs both for existing journal files and for future
journal files created in the /var/log/journal/ directory.
FILES
/etc/systemd/journald.conf
Configure systemd-journald behaviour. See journald.conf(5).
/run/log/journal/machine-id/*.journal, /run/log/journal/machine-id/*.journal~,
/var/log/journal/machine-id/*.journal, /var/log/journal/machine-id/*.journal~
systemd-journald writes entries to files in /run/log/journal/machine-id/ or
/var/log/journal/machine-id/ with the ".journal" suffix. If the daemon is stopped
uncleanly, or if the files are found to be corrupted, they are renamed using the
".journal~" suffix, and systemd-journald starts writing to a new file. /run is used
when /var/log/journal is not available, or when Storage=volatile is set in the
journald.conf(5) configuration file.
SEE ALSO
systemd(1), journalctl(1), journald.conf(5), systemd.journal-fields(7), sd-journal(3),
systemd-coredump(8), setfacl(1), sd_journal_print(4), pydoc systemd.journal.
systemd 219 SYSTEMD-JOURNALD.SERVICE(8)
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