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HTTP::Response(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation HTTP::Response(3)
NAME
HTTP::Response - HTTP style response message
SYNOPSIS
Response objects are returned by the request() method of the "LWP::UserAgent":
# ...
$response = $ua->request($request)
if ($response->is_success) {
print $response->decoded_content;
}
else {
print STDERR $response->status_line, "\n";
}
DESCRIPTION
The "HTTP::Response" class encapsulates HTTP style responses. A response consists of a
response line, some headers, and a content body. Note that the LWP library uses HTTP style
responses even for non-HTTP protocol schemes. Instances of this class are usually created
and returned by the request() method of an "LWP::UserAgent" object.
"HTTP::Response" is a subclass of "HTTP::Message" and therefore inherits its methods. The
following additional methods are available:
$r = HTTP::Response->new( $code )
$r = HTTP::Response->new( $code, $msg )
$r = HTTP::Response->new( $code, $msg, $header )
$r = HTTP::Response->new( $code, $msg, $header, $content )
Constructs a new "HTTP::Response" object describing a response with response code
$code and optional message $msg. The optional $header argument should be a reference
to an "HTTP::Headers" object or a plain array reference of key/value pairs. The
optional $content argument should be a string of bytes. The meanings of these
arguments are described below.
$r = HTTP::Response->parse( $str )
This constructs a new response object by parsing the given string.
$r->code
$r->code( $code )
This is used to get/set the code attribute. The code is a 3 digit number that encode
the overall outcome of an HTTP response. The "HTTP::Status" module provide constants
that provide mnemonic names for the code attribute.
$r->message
$r->message( $message )
This is used to get/set the message attribute. The message is a short human readable
single line string that explains the response code.
$r->header( $field )
$r->header( $field => $value )
This is used to get/set header values and it is inherited from "HTTP::Headers" via
"HTTP::Message". See HTTP::Headers for details and other similar methods that can be
used to access the headers.
$r->content
$r->content( $bytes )
This is used to get/set the raw content and it is inherited from the "HTTP::Message"
base class. See HTTP::Message for details and other methods that can be used to
access the content.
$r->decoded_content( %options )
This will return the content after any "Content-Encoding" and charsets have been
decoded. See HTTP::Message for details.
$r->request
$r->request( $request )
This is used to get/set the request attribute. The request attribute is a reference
to the the request that caused this response. It does not have to be the same request
passed to the $ua->request() method, because there might have been redirects and
authorization retries in between.
$r->previous
$r->previous( $response )
This is used to get/set the previous attribute. The previous attribute is used to
link together chains of responses. You get chains of responses if the first response
is redirect or unauthorized. The value is "undef" if this is the first response in a
chain.
Note that the method $r->redirects is provided as a more convenient way to access the
response chain.
$r->status_line
Returns the string "<code> <message>". If the message attribute is not set then the
official name of <code> (see HTTP::Status) is substituted.
$r->base
Returns the base URI for this response. The return value will be a reference to a URI
object.
The base URI is obtained from one the following sources (in priority order):
1. Embedded in the document content, for instance <BASE HREF="..."> in HTML
documents.
2. A "Content-Base:" or a "Content-Location:" header in the response.
For backwards compatibility with older HTTP implementations we will also look for
the "Base:" header.
3. The URI used to request this response. This might not be the original URI that was
passed to $ua->request() method, because we might have received some redirect
responses first.
If none of these sources provide an absolute URI, undef is returned.
When the LWP protocol modules produce the HTTP::Response object, then any base URI
embedded in the document (step 1) will already have initialized the "Content-Base:"
header. This means that this method only performs the last 2 steps (the content is not
always available either).
$r->filename
Returns a filename for this response. Note that doing sanity checks on the returned
filename (eg. removing characters that cannot be used on the target filesystem where
the filename would be used, and laundering it for security purposes) are the caller's
responsibility; the only related thing done by this method is that it makes a simple
attempt to return a plain filename with no preceding path segments.
The filename is obtained from one the following sources (in priority order):
1. A "Content-Disposition:" header in the response. Proper decoding of RFC 2047
encoded filenames requires the "MIME::QuotedPrint" (for "Q" encoding),
"MIME::Base64" (for "B" encoding), and "Encode" modules.
2. A "Content-Location:" header in the response.
3. The URI used to request this response. This might not be the original URI that was
passed to $ua->request() method, because we might have received some redirect
responses first.
If a filename cannot be derived from any of these sources, undef is returned.
$r->as_string
$r->as_string( $eol )
Returns a textual representation of the response.
$r->is_info
$r->is_success
$r->is_redirect
$r->is_error
These methods indicate if the response was informational, successful, a redirection,
or an error. See HTTP::Status for the meaning of these.
$r->error_as_HTML
Returns a string containing a complete HTML document indicating what error occurred.
This method should only be called when $r->is_error is TRUE.
$r->redirects
Returns the list of redirect responses that lead up to this response by following the
$r->previous chain. The list order is oldest first.
In scalar context return the number of redirect responses leading up to this one.
$r->current_age
Calculates the "current age" of the response as specified by RFC 2616 section 13.2.3.
The age of a response is the time since it was sent by the origin server. The
returned value is a number representing the age in seconds.
$r->freshness_lifetime( %opt )
Calculates the "freshness lifetime" of the response as specified by RFC 2616 section
13.2.4. The "freshness lifetime" is the length of time between the generation of a
response and its expiration time. The returned value is the number of seconds until
expiry.
If the response does not contain an "Expires" or a "Cache-Control" header, then this
function will apply some simple heuristic based on the "Last-Modified" header to
determine a suitable lifetime. The following options might be passed to control the
heuristics:
heuristic_expiry => $bool
If passed as a FALSE value, don't apply heuristics and just return "undef" when
"Expires" or "Cache-Control" is lacking.
h_lastmod_fraction => $num
This number represent the fraction of the difference since the "Last-Modified"
timestamp to make the expiry time. The default is 0.10, the suggested typical
setting of 10% in RFC 2616.
h_min => $sec
This is the lower limit of the heuristic expiry age to use. The default is 60 (1
minute).
h_max => $sec
This is the upper limit of the heuristic expiry age to use. The default is 86400
(24 hours).
h_default => $sec
This is the expiry age to use when nothing else applies. The default is 3600 (1
hour) or "h_min" if greater.
$r->is_fresh( %opt )
Returns TRUE if the response is fresh, based on the values of freshness_lifetime() and
current_age(). If the response is no longer fresh, then it has to be re-fetched or
re-validated by the origin server.
Options might be passed to control expiry heuristics, see the description of
freshness_lifetime().
$r->fresh_until( %opt )
Returns the time (seconds since epoch) when this entity is no longer fresh.
Options might be passed to control expiry heuristics, see the description of
freshness_lifetime().
SEE ALSO
HTTP::Headers, HTTP::Message, HTTP::Status, HTTP::Request
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 1995-2004 Gisle Aas.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
terms as Perl itself.
perl v5.16.3 2012-09-30 HTTP::Response(3)
Generated by $Id: phpMan.php,v 4.55 2007/09/05 04:42:51 chedong Exp $ Author: Che Dong
On Apache
Under GNU General Public License
2024-11-23 17:31 @18.188.175.66 CrawledBy Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)