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array(n) Tcl Built-In Commands array(n)
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NAME
array - Manipulate array variables
SYNOPSIS
array option arrayName ?arg arg ...?
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DESCRIPTION
This command performs one of several operations on the variable given by arrayName.
Unless otherwise specified for individual commands below, arrayName must be the name of an
existing array variable. The option argument determines what action is carried out by the
command. The legal options (which may be abbreviated) are:
array anymore arrayName searchId
Returns 1 if there are any more elements left to be processed in an array search, 0
if all elements have already been returned. SearchId indicates which search on
arrayName to check, and must have been the return value from a previous invocation
of array startsearch. This option is particularly useful if an array has an ele-
ment with an empty name, since the return value from array nextelement will not
indicate whether the search has been completed.
array donesearch arrayName searchId
This command terminates an array search and destroys all the state associated with
that search. SearchId indicates which search on arrayName to destroy, and must
have been the return value from a previous invocation of array startsearch.
Returns an empty string.
array exists arrayName
Returns 1 if arrayName is an array variable, 0 if there is no variable by that name
or if it is a scalar variable.
array get arrayName ?pattern?
Returns a list containing pairs of elements. The first element in each pair is the
name of an element in arrayName and the second element of each pair is the value of
the array element. The order of the pairs is undefined. If pattern is not speci-
fied, then all of the elements of the array are included in the result. If pattern
is specified, then only those elements whose names match pattern (using the match-
ing rules of string match) are included. If arrayName is not the name of an array
variable, or if the array contains no elements, then an empty list is returned. If
traces on the array modify the list of elements, the elements returned are those
that exist both before and after the call to array get.
array names arrayName ?mode? ?pattern?
Returns a list containing the names of all of the elements in the array that match
pattern. Mode may be one of -exact, -glob, or -regexp. If specified, mode desig-
nates which matching rules to use to match pattern against the names of the ele-
ments in the array. If not specified, mode defaults to -glob. See the documenta-
tion for string match for information on glob style matching, and the documentation
for regexp for information on regexp matching. If pattern is omitted then the com-
mand returns all of the element names in the array. If there are no (matching)
elements in the array, or if arrayName is not the name of an array variable, then
an empty string is returned.
array nextelement arrayName searchId
Returns the name of the next element in arrayName, or an empty string if all ele-
ments of arrayName have already been returned in this search. The searchId argu-
ment identifies the search, and must have been the return value of an array start-
search command. Warning: if elements are added to or deleted from the array, then
all searches are automatically terminated just as if array donesearch had been
invoked; this will cause array nextelement operations to fail for those searches.
array set arrayName list
Sets the values of one or more elements in arrayName. list must have a form like
that returned by array get, consisting of an even number of elements. Each odd-
numbered element in list is treated as an element name within arrayName, and the
following element in list is used as a new value for that array element. If the
variable arrayName does not already exist and list is empty, arrayName is created
with an empty array value.
array size arrayName
Returns a decimal string giving the number of elements in the array. If arrayName
is not the name of an array then 0 is returned.
array startsearch arrayName
This command initializes an element-by-element search through the array given by
arrayName, such that invocations of the array nextelement command will return the
names of the individual elements in the array. When the search has been completed,
the array donesearch command should be invoked. The return value is a search iden-
tifier that must be used in array nextelement and array donesearch commands; it
allows multiple searches to be underway simultaneously for the same array. It is
currently more efficient and easier to use either the array get or array names,
together with foreach, to iterate over all but very large arrays. See the examples
below for how to do this.
array statistics arrayName
Returns statistics about the distribution of data within the hashtable that repre-
sents the array. This information includes the number of entries in the table, the
number of buckets, and the utilization of the buckets.
array unset arrayName ?pattern?
Unsets all of the elements in the array that match pattern (using the matching
rules of string match). If arrayName is not the name of an array variable or there
are no matching elements in the array, no error will be raised. If pattern is
omitted and arrayName is an array variable, then the command unsets the entire
array. The command always returns an empty string.
EXAMPLES
array set colorcount {
red 1
green 5
blue 4
white 9
}
foreach {color count} [array get colorcount] {
puts "Color: $color Count: $count"
}
-> Color: blue Count: 4
Color: white Count: 9
Color: green Count: 5
Color: red Count: 1
foreach color [array names colorcount] {
puts "Color: $color Count: $colorcount($color)"
}
-> Color: blue Count: 4
Color: white Count: 9
Color: green Count: 5
Color: red Count: 1
foreach color [lsort [array names colorcount]] {
puts "Color: $color Count: $colorcount($color)"
}
-> Color: blue Count: 4
Color: green Count: 5
Color: red Count: 1
Color: white Count: 9
array statistics colorcount
-> 4 entries in table, 4 buckets
number of buckets with 0 entries: 1
number of buckets with 1 entries: 2
number of buckets with 2 entries: 1
number of buckets with 3 entries: 0
number of buckets with 4 entries: 0
number of buckets with 5 entries: 0
number of buckets with 6 entries: 0
number of buckets with 7 entries: 0
number of buckets with 8 entries: 0
number of buckets with 9 entries: 0
number of buckets with 10 or more entries: 0
average search distance for entry: 1.2
SEE ALSO
list(n), string(n), variable(n), trace(n), foreach(n)
KEYWORDS
array, element names, search
Tcl 8.3 array(n)
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