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SNMPTRAPD.CONF(5) Net-SNMP SNMPTRAPD.CONF(5)
NAME
snmptrapd.conf - configuration file for the Net-SNMP notification receiver
DESCRIPTION
The Net-SNMP notification receiver (trap daemon) uses one or more configuration files to
control its operation and how incoming traps (and INFORM requests) should be processed.
This file (snmptrapd.conf) can be located in one of several locations, as described in the
snmp_config(5) manual page.
IMPORTANT
Previously, snmptrapd would accept all incoming notifications, and log them automatically
(even if no explicit configuration was provided). Starting with release 5.3, access con-
trol checks will be applied to incoming notifications. If snmptrapd is run without a suit-
able configuration file (or equivalent access control settings), then such traps WILL NOT
be processed. See the section ACCESS CONTROL for more details.
As with the agent configuration, the snmptrapd.conf directives can be divided into four
distinct groups.
TRAPD BEHAVIOUR
snmpTrapdAddr [<transport-specifier>:]<transport-address>[,...]
defines a list of listening addresses, on which to receive incoming SNMP notifica-
tions. See the section LISTENING ADDRESSES in the snmpd(8) manual page for more
information about the format of listening addresses.
The default behaviour is to listen on UDP port 162 on all IPv4 interfaces.
doNotRetainNotificationLogs yes
disables support for the NOTIFICATION-LOG-MIB. Normally the snmptrapd program
keeps a record of the traps received, which can be retrieved by querying the nlm-
LogTable and nlmLogvariableTable tables. This directive can be used to suppress
this behaviour.
See the snmptrapd(8) manual page and the NOTIFICATION-LOG-MIB for details.
doNotLogTraps yes
disables the logging of notifications altogether. This is useful if the snmptrapd
application should only run traphandle hooks and should not log traps to any loca-
tion.
doNotFork yes
do not fork from the calling shell.
pidFile PATH
defines a file in which to store the process ID of the notification receiver. By
default, this ID is not saved.
ACCESS CONTROL
Starting with release 5.3, it is necessary to explicitly specify who is authorised to send
traps and informs to the notification receiver (and what types of processing these are
allowed to trigger). This uses an extension of the VACM model, used in the main SNMP
agent.
There are currently three types of processing that can be specified:
log log the details of the notification - either in a specified file, to stan-
dard output (or stderr), or via syslog (or similar).
execute
pass the details of the trap to a specified handler program, including
embedded perl.
net forward the trap to another notification receiver.
In the following directives, TYPES will be a (comma-separated) list of one or more of
these tokens. Most commonly, this will typically be log,execute,net to cover any style of
processing for a particular category of notification. But it is perfectly possible (even
desirable) to limit certain notification sources to selected processing only.
authCommunity TYPES COMMUNITY [SOURCE [OID | -v VIEW ]]
authorises traps (and SNMPv2c INFORM requests) with the specified community to
trigger the types of processing listed. By default, this will allow any notifica-
tion using this community to be processed. The SOURCE field can be used to specify
that the configuration should only apply to notifications received from particular
sources - see snmpd.conf(5) for more details.
authUser TYPES [-s MODEL] USER [LEVEL [OID | -v VIEW ]]
authorises SNMPv3 notifications with the specified user to trigger the types of
processing listed. By default, this will accept authenticated requests. (authNo-
Priv or authPriv). The LEVEL field can be used to allow unauthenticated notifica-
tions (noauth), or to require encryption (priv), just as for the SNMP agent.
With both of these directives, the OID (or -v VIEW) field can be used to retrict
this configuration to the processing of particular notifications.
Note: Unlike the VACM processing described in RFC 3415, this view is only matched
against the snmpTrapOID value of the incoming notification. It is not
applied to the payload varbinds held within that notification.
authGroup TYPES [-s MODEL] GROUP [LEVEL [OID | -v VIEW ]]
authAccess TYPES [-s MODEL] GROUP VIEW [LEVEL [CONTEXT]]
setAccess GROUP CONTEXT MODEL LEVEL PREFIX VIEW TYPES
authorise notifications in the specified GROUP (configured using the group direc-
tive) to trigger the types of processing listed. See snmpd.conf(5) for more
details.
createUser [-e ENGINEID] username (MD5|SHA) authpassphrase [DES|AES]
See the snmpd.conf(5) manual page for a description of how to create SNMPv3 users.
This is roughly the same, but the file name changes to snmptrapd.conf from
snmpd.conf.
disableAuthorization yes
will disable the above access control checks, and revert to the previous behaviour
of accepting all incoming notifications.
LOGGING
format1 FORMAT
format2 FORMAT
specify the format used to display SNMPv1 TRAPs and SNMPv2 notifications respec-
tively. Note that SNMPv2c and SNMPv3 both use the same SNMPv2 PDU format.
See snmptrapd(8) for the layout characters available.
ignoreAuthFailure yes
instructs the receiver to ignore authenticationFailure traps.
Note: This currently only affects the logging of such notifications. authentica-
tionFailure traps will still be passed to trap handler scripts, and for-
warded to other notification receivers. This behaviour should not be relied
on, as it is likely to change in future versions.
logOption string
specifies where notifications should be logged - to standard output, standard
error, a specified file or via syslog. See the section LOGGING OPTIONS in the snm-
pcmd(1) manual page for details.
outputOption string
specifies various characteristics of how OIDs and other values should be displayed.
See the section OUTPUT OPTIONS in the snmpcmd(1) manual page for details.
MySQL Logging
There are two configuration variables that work together to control when queued traps are
logged to the MySQL database. A non-zero value must be specified for sqlSaveInterval to
enable MySQL logging.
sqlMaxQueue max
specifies the maximum number of traps to queue before a forced flush to the MySQL
database.
sqlSaveInterval seconds
specified the number of seconds between periodic queue flushes. A value of 0 for
will disable MySQL logging.
NOTIFICATION PROCESSING
As well as logging incoming notifications, they can also be forwarded on to another noti-
fication receiver, or passed to an external program for specialised processing.
traphandle OID|default PROGRAM [ARGS ...]
invokes the specified program (with the given arguments) whenever a notification is
received that matches the OID token. For SNMPv2c and SNMPv3 notifications, this
token will be compared against the snmpTrapOID value taken from the notification.
For SNMPv1 traps, the generic and specific trap values and the enterprise OID will
be converted into the equivalent OID (following RFC 2576).
Typically, the OID token will be the name (or numeric OID) of a NOTIFICATION-TYPE
object, and the specified program will be invoked for notifications that match this
OID exactly. However this token also supports a simple form of wildcard suffixing.
By appending the character '*' to the OID token, the corresponding program will be
invoked for any notification based within subtree rooted at the specified OID. For
example, an OID token of .1.3.6.1.4.1* would match any enterprise specific notifi-
cation (including the specified OID itself). An OID token of .1.3.6.1.4.1.* would
would work in much the same way, but would not match this exact OID - just notifi-
cations that lay strictly below this root. Note that this syntax does not support
full regular expressions or wildcards - an OID token of the form oid.*.subids is
not valid.
If the OID field is the token default then the program will be invoked for any
notification not matching another (OID specific) traphandle entry.
Details of the notification are fed to the program via its standard input. Note that this
will always use the SNMPv2-style notification format, with SNMPv1 traps being converted as
per RFC 2576, before being passed to the program. The input format is as follows, one
entry per line:
HOSTNAME
The name of the host that sent the notification, as determined by gethost-
byaddr(3).
IPADDRESS
The IP address of the host that sent the notification.
VARBINDS
A list of variable bindings describing the contents of the notification, one
per line. The first token on each line (up until a space) is the OID of the
varind, and the remainder of the line is its value. The format of both of
these are controlled by the outputOption directive (or similar configura-
tion).
The first OID should always be SNMPv2-MIB::sysUpTime.0, and the second
should be SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTrapOID.0. The remaining lines will contain the
payload varbind list. For SNMPv1 traps, the final OID will be
SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTrapEnterprise.0.
Example:
A traptoemail script has been included in the Net-SNMP package that can be
used within a traphandle directive:
traphandle default /usr/bin/perl /usr/bin/traptoemail -s mysmtp.some-
where.com -f admin AT somewhere.com me AT somewhere.com
forward OID|default DESTINATION
forwards notifications that match the specified OID to another receiver listening
on DESTINATION. The interpretation of OID (and default) is the same as for the
traphandle directive).
See the section LISTENING ADDRESSES in the snmpd(8) manual page for more informa-
tion about the format of listening addresses.
NOTES
o The daemon blocks while executing the traphandle commands. (This should be fixed
in the future with an appropriate signal catch and wait() combination).
o All directives listed with a value of "yes" actually accept a range of boolean val-
ues. These will accept any of 1, yes or true to enable the corresponding behav-
iour, or any of 0, no or false to disable it. The default in each case is for the
feature to be turned off, so these directives are typically only used to enable the
appropriate behaviour.
FILES
/etc/snmp/snmptrapd.conf
SEE ALSO
snmp_config(5), snmptrapd(8), syslog(8), variables(5), snmpd.conf(5), netsnmp_con-
fig_api(3).
V5.7.2 19 Feb 2009 SNMPTRAPD.CONF(5)
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On Apache
Under GNU General Public License
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