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Tcl_SetResult(3) Tcl Library Procedures Tcl_SetResult(3)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
NAME
Tcl_SetObjResult, Tcl_GetObjResult, Tcl_SetResult, Tcl_GetStringResult, Tcl_AppendResult,
Tcl_AppendResultVA, Tcl_AppendElement, Tcl_ResetResult, Tcl_FreeResult - manipulate Tcl
result
SYNOPSIS
#include <tcl.h>
Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, objPtr)
Tcl_Obj *
Tcl_GetObjResult(interp)
Tcl_SetResult(interp, result, freeProc)
const char *
Tcl_GetStringResult(interp)
Tcl_AppendResult(interp, result, result, ... , (char *) NULL)
Tcl_AppendResultVA(interp, argList)
Tcl_AppendElement(interp, element)
Tcl_ResetResult(interp)
Tcl_FreeResult(interp)
ARGUMENTS
Tcl_Interp *interp (out) Interpreter whose result is to be modified or read.
Tcl_Obj *objPtr (in) Object value to become result for interp.
char *result (in) String value to become result for interp or to be
appended to the existing result.
char *element (in) String value to append as a list element to the exist-
ing result of interp.
Tcl_FreeProc *freeProc (in) Address of procedure to call to release storage at
result, or TCL_STATIC, TCL_DYNAMIC, or TCL_VOLATILE.
va_list argList (in) An argument list which must have been initialized
using va_start, and cleared using va_end.
_________________________________________________________________
DESCRIPTION
The procedures described here are utilities for manipulating the result value in a Tcl
interpreter. The interpreter result may be either a Tcl object or a string. For example,
Tcl_SetObjResult and Tcl_SetResult set the interpreter result to, respectively, an object
and a string. Similarly, Tcl_GetObjResult and Tcl_GetStringResult return the interpreter
result as an object and as a string. The procedures always keep the string and object
forms of the interpreter result consistent. For example, if Tcl_SetObjResult is called to
set the result to an object, then Tcl_GetStringResult is called, it will return the
object's string value.
Tcl_SetObjResult arranges for objPtr to be the result for interp, replacing any existing
result. The result is left pointing to the object referenced by objPtr. objPtr's refer-
ence count is incremented since there is now a new reference to it from interp. The ref-
erence count for any old result object is decremented and the old result object is freed
if no references to it remain.
Tcl_GetObjResult returns the result for interp as an object. The object's reference count
is not incremented; if the caller needs to retain a long-term pointer to the object they
should use Tcl_IncrRefCount to increment its reference count in order to keep it from
being freed too early or accidentally changed.
Tcl_SetResult arranges for result to be the result for the current Tcl command in interp,
replacing any existing result. The freeProc argument specifies how to manage the storage
for the result argument; it is discussed in the section THE TCL_FREEPROC ARGUMENT TO
TCL_SETRESULT below. If result is NULL, then freeProc is ignored and Tcl_SetResult re-
initializes interp's result to point to an empty string.
Tcl_GetStringResult returns the result for interp as a string. If the result was set to
an object by a Tcl_SetObjResult call, the object form will be converted to a string and
returned. If the object's string representation contains null bytes, this conversion will
lose information. For this reason, programmers are encouraged to write their code to use
the new object API procedures and to call Tcl_GetObjResult instead.
Tcl_ResetResult clears the result for interp and leaves the result in its normal empty
initialized state. If the result is an object, its reference count is decremented and the
result is left pointing to an unshared object representing an empty string. If the result
is a dynamically allocated string, its memory is free*d and the result is left as a empty
string. Tcl_ResetResult also clears the error state managed by Tcl_AddErrorInfo,
Tcl_AddObjErrorInfo, and Tcl_SetErrorCode.
Tcl_AppendResult makes it easy to build up Tcl results in pieces. It takes each of its
result arguments and appends them in order to the current result associated with interp.
If the result is in its initialized empty state (e.g. a command procedure was just invoked
or Tcl_ResetResult was just called), then Tcl_AppendResult sets the result to the concate-
nation of its result arguments. Tcl_AppendResult may be called repeatedly as additional
pieces of the result are produced. Tcl_AppendResult takes care of all the storage manage-
ment issues associated with managing interp's result, such as allocating a larger result
area if necessary. It also manages conversion to and from the result field of the interp
so as to handle backward-compatibility with old-style extensions. Any number of result
arguments may be passed in a single call; the last argument in the list must be a NULL
pointer.
Tcl_AppendResultVA is the same as Tcl_AppendResult except that instead of taking a vari-
able number of arguments it takes an argument list.
OLD STRING PROCEDURES
Use of the following procedures (is deprecated since they manipulate the Tcl result as a
string. Procedures such as Tcl_SetObjResult that manipulate the result as an object can
be significantly more efficient.
Tcl_AppendElement is similar to Tcl_AppendResult in that it allows results to be built up
in pieces. However, Tcl_AppendElement takes only a single element argument and it appends
that argument to the current result as a proper Tcl list element. Tcl_AppendElement adds
backslashes or braces if necessary to ensure that interp's result can be parsed as a list
and that element will be extracted as a single element. Under normal conditions,
Tcl_AppendElement will add a space character to interp's result just before adding the new
list element, so that the list elements in the result are properly separated. However if
the new list element is the first in a list or sub-list (i.e. interp's current result is
empty, or consists of the single character "{", or ends in the characters " {") then no
space is added.
Tcl_FreeResult performs part of the work of Tcl_ResetResult. It frees up the memory asso-
ciated with interp's result. It also sets interp->freeProc to zero, but does not change
interp->result or clear error state. Tcl_FreeResult is most commonly used when a proce-
dure is about to replace one result value with another.
DIRECT ACCESS TO INTERP->RESULT IS DEPRECATED
It used to be legal for programs to directly read and write interp->result to manipulate
the interpreter result. Direct access to interp->result is now strongly deprecated
because it can make the result's string and object forms inconsistent. Programs should
always read the result using the procedures Tcl_GetObjResult or Tcl_GetStringResult, and
write the result using Tcl_SetObjResult or Tcl_SetResult.
THE TCL_FREEPROC ARGUMENT TO TCL_SETRESULT
Tcl_SetResult's freeProc argument specifies how the Tcl system is to manage the storage
for the result argument. If Tcl_SetResult or Tcl_SetObjResult are called at a time when
interp holds a string result, they do whatever is necessary to dispose of the old string
result (see the Tcl_Interp manual entry for details on this).
If freeProc is TCL_STATIC it means that result refers to an area of static storage that is
guaranteed not to be modified until at least the next call to Tcl_Eval. If freeProc is
TCL_DYNAMIC it means that result was allocated with a call to Tcl_Alloc and is now the
property of the Tcl system. Tcl_SetResult will arrange for the string's storage to be
released by calling Tcl_Free when it is no longer needed. If freeProc is TCL_VOLATILE it
means that result points to an area of memory that is likely to be overwritten when
Tcl_SetResult returns (e.g. it points to something in a stack frame). In this case
Tcl_SetResult will make a copy of the string in dynamically allocated storage and arrange
for the copy to be the result for the current Tcl command.
If freeProc is not one of the values TCL_STATIC, TCL_DYNAMIC, and TCL_VOLATILE, then it is
the address of a procedure that Tcl should call to free the string. This allows applica-
tions to use non-standard storage allocators. When Tcl no longer needs the storage for
the string, it will call freeProc. FreeProc should have arguments and result that match
the type Tcl_FreeProc:
typedef void Tcl_FreeProc(char *blockPtr);
When freeProc is called, its blockPtr will be set to the value of result passed to
Tcl_SetResult.
SEE ALSO
Tcl_AddErrorInfo, Tcl_CreateObjCommand, Tcl_SetErrorCode, Tcl_Interp
KEYWORDS
append, command, element, list, object, result, return value, interpreter
Tcl 8.0 Tcl_SetResult(3)
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