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File::Spec::Unix(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation File::Spec::Unix(3)
NAME
File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec modules
SYNOPSIS
require File::Spec::Unix; # Done automatically by File::Spec
DESCRIPTION
Methods for manipulating file specifications. Other File::Spec modules, such as
File::Spec::Mac, inherit from File::Spec::Unix and override specific methods.
METHODS
canonpath()
No physical check on the filesystem, but a logical cleanup of a path. On UNIX eliminates
successive slashes and successive "/.".
$cpath = File::Spec->canonpath( $path ) ;
Note that this does *not* collapse x/../y sections into y. This is by design. If /foo
on your system is a symlink to /bar/baz, then /foo/../quux is actually /bar/quux, not
/quux as a naive ../-removal would give you. If you want to do this kind of processing,
you probably want "Cwd"'s "realpath()" function to actually traverse the filesystem
cleaning up paths like this.
catdir()
Concatenate two or more directory names to form a complete path ending with a directory.
But remove the trailing slash from the resulting string, because it doesn't look good,
isn't necessary and confuses OS2. Of course, if this is the root directory, don't cut
off the trailing slash :-)
catfile
Concatenate one or more directory names and a filename to form a complete path ending
with a filename
curdir
Returns a string representation of the current directory. "." on UNIX.
devnull
Returns a string representation of the null device. "/dev/null" on UNIX.
rootdir
Returns a string representation of the root directory. "/" on UNIX.
tmpdir
Returns a string representation of the first writable directory from the following list
or the current directory if none from the list are writable:
$ENV{TMPDIR}
/tmp
If running under taint mode, and if $ENV{TMPDIR} is tainted, it is not used.
updir
Returns a string representation of the parent directory. ".." on UNIX.
no_upwards
Given a list of file names, strip out those that refer to a parent directory. (Does not
strip symlinks, only '.', '..', and equivalents.)
case_tolerant
Returns a true or false value indicating, respectively, that alphabetic is not or is
significant when comparing file specifications.
file_name_is_absolute
Takes as argument a path and returns true if it is an absolute path.
This does not consult the local filesystem on Unix, Win32, OS/2 or Mac OS (Classic). It
does consult the working environment for VMS (see "file_name_is_absolute" in
File::Spec::VMS).
path
Takes no argument, returns the environment variable PATH as an array.
join
join is the same as catfile.
splitpath
($volume,$directories,$file) = File::Spec->splitpath( $path );
($volume,$directories,$file) = File::Spec->splitpath( $path,
$no_file );
Splits a path into volume, directory, and filename portions. On systems with no concept
of volume, returns '' for volume.
For systems with no syntax differentiating filenames from directories, assumes that the
last file is a path unless $no_file is true or a trailing separator or /. or /.. is
present. On Unix this means that $no_file true makes this return ( '', $path, '' ).
The directory portion may or may not be returned with a trailing '/'.
The results can be passed to "catpath()" to get back a path equivalent to (usually
identical to) the original path.
splitdir
The opposite of "catdir()".
@dirs = File::Spec->splitdir( $directories );
$directories must be only the directory portion of the path on systems that have the
concept of a volume or that have path syntax that differentiates files from directories.
Unlike just splitting the directories on the separator, empty directory names ('') can
be returned, because these are significant on some OSs.
On Unix,
File::Spec->splitdir( "/a/b//c/" );
Yields:
( '', 'a', 'b', '', 'c', '' )
catpath()
Takes volume, directory and file portions and returns an entire path. Under Unix,
$volume is ignored, and directory and file are concatenated. A '/' is inserted if
needed (though if the directory portion doesn't start with '/' it is not added). On
other OSs, $volume is significant.
abs2rel
Takes a destination path and an optional base path returns a relative path from the base
path to the destination path:
$rel_path = File::Spec->abs2rel( $path ) ;
$rel_path = File::Spec->abs2rel( $path, $base ) ;
If $base is not present or '', then cwd() is used. If $base is relative, then it is
converted to absolute form using "rel2abs()". This means that it is taken to be relative
to cwd().
On systems that have a grammar that indicates filenames, this ignores the $base
filename. Otherwise all path components are assumed to be directories.
If $path is relative, it is converted to absolute form using "rel2abs()". This means
that it is taken to be relative to cwd().
No checks against the filesystem are made, so the result may not be correct if $base
contains symbolic links. (Apply Cwd::abs_path() beforehand if that is a concern.) On
VMS, there is interaction with the working environment, as logicals and macros are
expanded.
Based on code written by Shigio Yamaguchi.
rel2abs()
Converts a relative path to an absolute path.
$abs_path = File::Spec->rel2abs( $path ) ;
$abs_path = File::Spec->rel2abs( $path, $base ) ;
If $base is not present or '', then cwd() is used. If $base is relative, then it is
converted to absolute form using "rel2abs()". This means that it is taken to be relative
to cwd().
On systems that have a grammar that indicates filenames, this ignores the $base
filename. Otherwise all path components are assumed to be directories.
If $path is absolute, it is cleaned up and returned using "canonpath()".
No checks against the filesystem are made. On VMS, there is interaction with the
working environment, as logicals and macros are expanded.
Based on code written by Shigio Yamaguchi.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c) 2004 by the Perl 5 Porters. All rights reserved.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
terms as Perl itself.
Please submit bug reports and patches to perlbug AT perl.org.
SEE ALSO
File::Spec
perl v5.16.3 2013-01-16 File::Spec::Unix(3)
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