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File: binutils.info, Node: objdump, Next: ranlib, Prev: objcopy, Up: Top
4 objdump
*********
objdump [-a|--archive-headers]
[-b BFDNAME|--target=BFDNAME]
[-C|--demangle[=STYLE] ]
[-d|--disassemble]
[-D|--disassemble-all]
[-z|--disassemble-zeroes]
[-EB|-EL|--endian={big | little }]
[-f|--file-headers]
[-F|--file-offsets]
[--file-start-context]
[-g|--debugging]
[-e|--debugging-tags]
[-h|--section-headers|--headers]
[-i|--info]
[-j SECTION|--section=SECTION]
[-l|--line-numbers]
[-S|--source]
[-m MACHINE|--architecture=MACHINE]
[-M OPTIONS|--disassembler-options=OPTIONS]
[-p|--private-headers]
[-P OPTIONS|--private=OPTIONS]
[-r|--reloc]
[-R|--dynamic-reloc]
[-s|--full-contents]
[-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]|
--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames]
[=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc]
[=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev]
[=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]
[-G|--stabs]
[-t|--syms]
[-T|--dynamic-syms]
[-x|--all-headers]
[-w|--wide]
[--start-address=ADDRESS]
[--stop-address=ADDRESS]
[--prefix-addresses]
[--[no-]show-raw-insn]
[--adjust-vma=OFFSET]
[--dwarf-depth=N]
[--dwarf-start=N]
[--special-syms]
[--prefix=PREFIX]
[--prefix-strip=LEVEL]
[--insn-width=WIDTH]
[-U METHOD] [--unicode=METHOD]
[-V|--version]
[-H|--help]
OBJFILE...
'objdump' displays information about one or more object files. The
options control what particular information to display. This
information is mostly useful to programmers who are working on the
compilation tools, as opposed to programmers who just want their program
to compile and work.
OBJFILE... are the object files to be examined. When you specify
archives, 'objdump' shows information on each of the member object
files.
The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
equivalent. At least one option from the list
'-a,-d,-D,-e,-f,-g,-G,-h,-H,-p,-P,-r,-R,-s,-S,-t,-T,-V,-x' must be
given.
'-a'
'--archive-header'
If any of the OBJFILE files are archives, display the archive
header information (in a format similar to 'ls -l'). Besides the
information you could list with 'ar tv', 'objdump -a' shows the
object file format of each archive member.
'--adjust-vma=OFFSET'
When dumping information, first add OFFSET to all the section
addresses. This is useful if the section addresses do not
correspond to the symbol table, which can happen when putting
sections at particular addresses when using a format which can not
represent section addresses, such as a.out.
'-b BFDNAME'
'--target=BFDNAME'
Specify that the object-code format for the object files is
BFDNAME. This option may not be necessary; OBJDUMP can
automatically recognize many formats.
For example,
objdump -b oasys -m vax -h fu.o
displays summary information from the section headers ('-h') of
'fu.o', which is explicitly identified ('-m') as a VAX object file
in the format produced by Oasys compilers. You can list the
formats available with the '-i' option. *Note Target Selection::,
for more information.
'-C'
'--demangle[=STYLE]'
Decode ("demangle") low-level symbol names into user-level names.
Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system,
this makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have
different mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument
can be used to choose an appropriate demangling style for your
compiler. *Note c++filt::, for more information on demangling.
'-g'
'--debugging'
Display debugging information. This attempts to parse STABS and
IEEE debugging format information stored in the file and print it
out using a C like syntax. If neither of these formats are found
this option falls back on the '-W' option to print any DWARF
information in the file.
'-e'
'--debugging-tags'
Like '-g', but the information is generated in a format compatible
with ctags tool.
'-d'
'--disassemble'
Display the assembler mnemonics for the machine instructions from
OBJFILE. This option only disassembles those sections which are
expected to contain instructions.
'-D'
'--disassemble-all'
Like '-d', but disassemble the contents of all sections, not just
those expected to contain instructions.
This option also has a subtle effect on the disassembly of
instructions in code sections. When option '-d' is in effect
objdump will assume that any symbols present in a code section
occur on the boundary between instructions and it will refuse to
disassemble across such a boundary. When option '-D' is in effect
however this assumption is supressed. This means that it is
possible for the output of '-d' and '-D' to differ if, for example,
data is stored in code sections.
If the target is an ARM architecture this switch also has the
effect of forcing the disassembler to decode pieces of data found
in code sections as if they were instructions.
'--prefix-addresses'
When disassembling, print the complete address on each line. This
is the older disassembly format.
'-EB'
'-EL'
'--endian={big|little}'
Specify the endianness of the object files. This only affects
disassembly. This can be useful when disassembling a file format
which does not describe endianness information, such as S-records.
'-f'
'--file-headers'
Display summary information from the overall header of each of the
OBJFILE files.
'-F'
'--file-offsets'
When disassembling sections, whenever a symbol is displayed, also
display the file offset of the region of data that is about to be
dumped. If zeroes are being skipped, then when disassembly
resumes, tell the user how many zeroes were skipped and the file
offset of the location from where the disassembly resumes. When
dumping sections, display the file offset of the location from
where the dump starts.
'--file-start-context'
Specify that when displaying interlisted source code/disassembly
(assumes '-S') from a file that has not yet been displayed, extend
the context to the start of the file.
'-h'
'--section-headers'
'--headers'
Display summary information from the section headers of the object
file.
File segments may be relocated to nonstandard addresses, for
example by using the '-Ttext', '-Tdata', or '-Tbss' options to
'ld'. However, some object file formats, such as a.out, do not
store the starting address of the file segments. In those
situations, although 'ld' relocates the sections correctly, using
'objdump -h' to list the file section headers cannot show the
correct addresses. Instead, it shows the usual addresses, which
are implicit for the target.
Note, in some cases it is possible for a section to have both the
READONLY and the NOREAD attributes set. In such cases the NOREAD
attribute takes precedence, but 'objdump' will report both since
the exact setting of the flag bits might be important.
'-H'
'--help'
Print a summary of the options to 'objdump' and exit.
'-i'
'--info'
Display a list showing all architectures and object formats
available for specification with '-b' or '-m'.
'-j NAME'
'--section=NAME'
Display information only for section NAME.
'-l'
'--line-numbers'
Label the display (using debugging information) with the filename
and source line numbers corresponding to the object code or relocs
shown. Only useful with '-d', '-D', or '-r'.
'-m MACHINE'
'--architecture=MACHINE'
Specify the architecture to use when disassembling object files.
This can be useful when disassembling object files which do not
describe architecture information, such as S-records. You can list
the available architectures with the '-i' option.
If the target is an ARM architecture then this switch has an
additional effect. It restricts the disassembly to only those
instructions supported by the architecture specified by MACHINE.
If it is necessary to use this switch because the input file does
not contain any architecture information, but it is also desired to
disassemble all the instructions use '-marm'.
'-M OPTIONS'
'--disassembler-options=OPTIONS'
Pass target specific information to the disassembler. Only
supported on some targets. If it is necessary to specify more than
one disassembler option then multiple '-M' options can be used or
can be placed together into a comma separated list.
If the target is an ARM architecture then this switch can be used
to select which register name set is used during disassembler.
Specifying '-M reg-names-std' (the default) will select the
register names as used in ARM's instruction set documentation, but
with register 13 called 'sp', register 14 called 'lr' and register
15 called 'pc'. Specifying '-M reg-names-apcs' will select the
name set used by the ARM Procedure Call Standard, whilst specifying
'-M reg-names-raw' will just use 'r' followed by the register
number.
There are also two variants on the APCS register naming scheme
enabled by '-M reg-names-atpcs' and '-M reg-names-special-atpcs'
which use the ARM/Thumb Procedure Call Standard naming conventions.
(Either with the normal register names or the special register
names).
This option can also be used for ARM architectures to force the
disassembler to interpret all instructions as Thumb instructions by
using the switch '--disassembler-options=force-thumb'. This can be
useful when attempting to disassemble thumb code produced by other
compilers.
For the x86, some of the options duplicate functions of the '-m'
switch, but allow finer grained control. Multiple selections from
the following may be specified as a comma separated string.
'x86-64'
'i386'
'i8086'
Select disassembly for the given architecture.
'intel'
'att'
Select between intel syntax mode and AT&T syntax mode.
'amd64'
'intel64'
Select between AMD64 ISA and Intel64 ISA.
'intel-mnemonic'
'att-mnemonic'
Select between intel mnemonic mode and AT&T mnemonic mode.
Note: 'intel-mnemonic' implies 'intel' and 'att-mnemonic'
implies 'att'.
'addr64'
'addr32'
'addr16'
'data32'
'data16'
Specify the default address size and operand size. These four
options will be overridden if 'x86-64', 'i386' or 'i8086'
appear later in the option string.
'suffix'
When in AT&T mode, instructs the disassembler to print a
mnemonic suffix even when the suffix could be inferred by the
operands.
For PowerPC, 'booke' controls the disassembly of BookE
instructions. '32' and '64' select PowerPC and PowerPC64
disassembly, respectively. 'e300' selects disassembly for the e300
family. '440' selects disassembly for the PowerPC 440. 'ppcps'
selects disassembly for the paired single instructions of the
PPC750CL.
For MIPS, this option controls the printing of instruction mnemonic
names and register names in disassembled instructions. Multiple
selections from the following may be specified as a comma separated
string, and invalid options are ignored:
'no-aliases'
Print the 'raw' instruction mnemonic instead of some pseudo
instruction mnemonic. I.e., print 'daddu' or 'or' instead of
'move', 'sll' instead of 'nop', etc.
'msa'
Disassemble MSA instructions.
'virt'
Disassemble the virtualization ASE instructions.
'xpa'
Disassemble the eXtended Physical Address (XPA) ASE
instructions.
'gpr-names=ABI'
Print GPR (general-purpose register) names as appropriate for
the specified ABI. By default, GPR names are selected
according to the ABI of the binary being disassembled.
'fpr-names=ABI'
Print FPR (floating-point register) names as appropriate for
the specified ABI. By default, FPR numbers are printed rather
than names.
'cp0-names=ARCH'
Print CP0 (system control coprocessor; coprocessor 0) register
names as appropriate for the CPU or architecture specified by
ARCH. By default, CP0 register names are selected according
to the architecture and CPU of the binary being disassembled.
'hwr-names=ARCH'
Print HWR (hardware register, used by the 'rdhwr' instruction)
names as appropriate for the CPU or architecture specified by
ARCH. By default, HWR names are selected according to the
architecture and CPU of the binary being disassembled.
'reg-names=ABI'
Print GPR and FPR names as appropriate for the selected ABI.
'reg-names=ARCH'
Print CPU-specific register names (CP0 register and HWR names)
as appropriate for the selected CPU or architecture.
For any of the options listed above, ABI or ARCH may be specified
as 'numeric' to have numbers printed rather than names, for the
selected types of registers. You can list the available values of
ABI and ARCH using the '--help' option.
For VAX, you can specify function entry addresses with '-M
entry:0xf00ba'. You can use this multiple times to properly
disassemble VAX binary files that don't contain symbol tables (like
ROM dumps). In these cases, the function entry mask would
otherwise be decoded as VAX instructions, which would probably lead
the rest of the function being wrongly disassembled.
'-p'
'--private-headers'
Print information that is specific to the object file format. The
exact information printed depends upon the object file format. For
some object file formats, no additional information is printed.
'-P OPTIONS'
'--private=OPTIONS'
Print information that is specific to the object file format. The
argument OPTIONS is a comma separated list that depends on the
format (the lists of options is displayed with the help).
For XCOFF, the available options are:
'header'
'aout'
'sections'
'syms'
'relocs'
'lineno,'
'loader'
'except'
'typchk'
'traceback'
'toc'
'ldinfo'
Not all object formats support this option. In particular the ELF
format does not use it.
'-r'
'--reloc'
Print the relocation entries of the file. If used with '-d' or
'-D', the relocations are printed interspersed with the
disassembly.
'-R'
'--dynamic-reloc'
Print the dynamic relocation entries of the file. This is only
meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared
libraries. As for '-r', if used with '-d' or '-D', the relocations
are printed interspersed with the disassembly.
'-s'
'--full-contents'
Display the full contents of any sections requested. By default
all non-empty sections are displayed.
'-S'
'--source'
Display source code intermixed with disassembly, if possible.
Implies '-d'.
'--prefix=PREFIX'
Specify PREFIX to add to the absolute paths when used with '-S'.
'--prefix-strip=LEVEL'
Indicate how many initial directory names to strip off the
hardwired absolute paths. It has no effect without
'--prefix='PREFIX.
'--show-raw-insn'
When disassembling instructions, print the instruction in hex as
well as in symbolic form. This is the default except when
'--prefix-addresses' is used.
'--no-show-raw-insn'
When disassembling instructions, do not print the instruction
bytes. This is the default when '--prefix-addresses' is used.
'--insn-width=WIDTH'
Display WIDTH bytes on a single line when disassembling
instructions.
'-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]'
'--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames]'
'--dwarf[=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc]'
'--dwarf[=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev]'
'--dwarf[=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]'
Displays the contents of the debug sections in the file, if any are
present. If one of the optional letters or words follows the
switch then only data found in those specific sections will be
dumped.
Note that there is no single letter option to display the content
of trace sections or .gdb_index.
Note: the output from the '=info' option can also be affected by
the options '--dwarf-depth', the '--dwarf-start' and the
'--dwarf-check'.
'--dwarf-depth=N'
Limit the dump of the '.debug_info' section to N children. This is
only useful with '--dwarf=info'. The default is to print all DIEs;
the special value 0 for N will also have this effect.
With a non-zero value for N, DIEs at or deeper than N levels will
not be printed. The range for N is zero-based.
'--dwarf-start=N'
Print only DIEs beginning with the DIE numbered N. This is only
useful with '--dwarf=info'.
If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header
information and all DIEs before the DIE numbered N. Only siblings
and children of the specified DIE will be printed.
This can be used in conjunction with '--dwarf-depth'.
'--dwarf-check'
Enable additional checks for consistency of Dwarf information.
'-G'
'--stabs'
Display the full contents of any sections requested. Display the
contents of the .stab and .stab.index and .stab.excl sections from
an ELF file. This is only useful on systems (such as Solaris 2.0)
in which '.stab' debugging symbol-table entries are carried in an
ELF section. In most other file formats, debugging symbol-table
entries are interleaved with linkage symbols, and are visible in
the '--syms' output.
'--start-address=ADDRESS'
Start displaying data at the specified address. This affects the
output of the '-d', '-r' and '-s' options.
'--stop-address=ADDRESS'
Stop displaying data at the specified address. This affects the
output of the '-d', '-r' and '-s' options.
'-t'
'--syms'
Print the symbol table entries of the file. This is similar to the
information provided by the 'nm' program, although the display
format is different. The format of the output depends upon the
format of the file being dumped, but there are two main types. One
looks like this:
[ 4](sec 3)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 3) (nx 1) 0x00000000 .bss
[ 6](sec 1)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 2) (nx 0) 0x00000000 fred
where the number inside the square brackets is the number of the
entry in the symbol table, the SEC number is the section number,
the FL value are the symbol's flag bits, the TY number is the
symbol's type, the SCL number is the symbol's storage class and the
NX value is the number of auxilary entries associated with the
symbol. The last two fields are the symbol's value and its name.
The other common output format, usually seen with ELF based files,
looks like this:
00000000 l d .bss 00000000 .bss
00000000 g .text 00000000 fred
Here the first number is the symbol's value (sometimes refered to
as its address). The next field is actually a set of characters
and spaces indicating the flag bits that are set on the symbol.
These characters are described below. Next is the section with
which the symbol is associated or _*ABS*_ if the section is
absolute (ie not connected with any section), or _*UND*_ if the
section is referenced in the file being dumped, but not defined
there.
After the section name comes another field, a number, which for
common symbols is the alignment and for other symbol is the size.
Finally the symbol's name is displayed.
The flag characters are divided into 7 groups as follows:
'l'
'g'
'u'
'!'
The symbol is a local (l), global (g), unique global (u),
neither global nor local (a space) or both global and local
(!). A symbol can be neither local or global for a variety of
reasons, e.g., because it is used for debugging, but it is
probably an indication of a bug if it is ever both local and
global. Unique global symbols are a GNU extension to the
standard set of ELF symbol bindings. For such a symbol the
dynamic linker will make sure that in the entire process there
is just one symbol with this name and type in use.
'w'
The symbol is weak (w) or strong (a space).
'C'
The symbol denotes a constructor (C) or an ordinary symbol (a
space).
'W'
The symbol is a warning (W) or a normal symbol (a space). A
warning symbol's name is a message to be displayed if the
symbol following the warning symbol is ever referenced.
'I'
'i'
The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol (I), a
function to be evaluated during reloc processing (i) or a
normal symbol (a space).
'd'
'D'
The symbol is a debugging symbol (d) or a dynamic symbol (D)
or a normal symbol (a space).
'F'
'f'
'O'
The symbol is the name of a function (F) or a file (f) or an
object (O) or just a normal symbol (a space).
'-T'
'--dynamic-syms'
Print the dynamic symbol table entries of the file. This is only
meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared
libraries. This is similar to the information provided by the 'nm'
program when given the '-D' ('--dynamic') option.
'--special-syms'
When displaying symbols include those which the target considers to
be special in some way and which would not normally be of interest
to the user.
'-U [D|I|L|E|X|H]'
'--unicode=[DEFAULT|INVALID|LOCALE|ESCAPE|HEX|HIGHLIGHT]'
Controls the display of UTF-8 encoded mulibyte characters in
strings. The default ('--unicode=default') is to give them no
special treatment. The '--unicode=locale' option displays the
sequence in the current locale, which may or may not support them.
The options '--unicode=hex' and '--unicode=invalid' display them as
hex byte sequences enclosed by either angle brackets or curly
braces.
The '--unicode=escape' option displays them as escape sequences
(\UXXXX) and the '--unicode=highlight' option displays them as
escape sequences highlighted in red (if supported by the output
device). The colouring is intended to draw attention to the
presence of unicode sequences where they might not be expected.
'-V'
'--version'
Print the version number of 'objdump' and exit.
'-x'
'--all-headers'
Display all available header information, including the symbol
table and relocation entries. Using '-x' is equivalent to
specifying all of '-a -f -h -p -r -t'.
'-w'
'--wide'
Format some lines for output devices that have more than 80
columns. Also do not truncate symbol names when they are
displayed.
'-z'
'--disassemble-zeroes'
Normally the disassembly output will skip blocks of zeroes. This
option directs the disassembler to disassemble those blocks, just
like any other data.
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On Apache
Under GNU General Public License
2024-04-23 12:40 @18.119.131.178 CrawledBy Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)