File: dired-x.info, Node: Top, Next: Introduction, Up: (dir) Dired Extra *********** This documents the "extra" features for GNU Emacs's Dired Mode that are provided by the file 'dired-x.el'. * Based on 'dired.texi' by Sebastian Kremer <sk AT thp.de> * For 'dired-x.el' as distributed with GNU Emacs 24.3. Copyright (C) 1994-1995, 1999, 2001-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being "A GNU Manual", and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: "You have the freedom to copy and modify this GNU manual." * Menu: * Introduction:: * Installation:: * Omitting Files in Dired:: * Local Variables:: * Shell Command Guessing:: * Virtual Dired:: * Advanced Mark Commands:: * Multiple Dired Directories:: * Find File At Point:: * Miscellaneous Commands:: * Bugs:: * GNU Free Documentation License:: * Concept Index:: * Command Index:: * Key Index:: * Variable Index:: File: dired-x.info, Node: Introduction, Next: Installation, Prev: Top, Up: Top 1 Introduction ************** This documents some _extra_ features for GNU Emacs's Dired Mode that are provided by 'dired-x.el' (derived from Sebastian Kremer's original 'dired-x.el'). * Menu: * Features:: * Technical Details:: File: dired-x.info, Node: Features, Next: Technical Details, Up: Introduction 1.1 Features ============ Some features provided by Dired Extra: 1. Omitting uninteresting files from Dired listing (*note Omitting Files in Dired::). 2. Guessing shell commands in Dired buffers (*note Shell Command Guessing::). 3. Running Dired command in non-Dired buffers (*note Virtual Dired::). 4. Finding a file mentioned in a buffer (*note Find File At Point::). 5. Commands using file marking (*note Advanced Mark Commands::). 'dired-x.el' binds some functions to keys in Dired Mode (*note Key Index::) and also binds 'C-x C-j' and 'C-x 4 C-j' _globally_ to 'dired-jump' (*note Miscellaneous Commands::). Optionally, it also binds 'C-x C-f' and 'C-x 4 C-f' to 'dired-x-find-file' and 'dired-x-find-file-other-window', respectively (*note Find File At Point::). File: dired-x.info, Node: Technical Details, Prev: Features, Up: Introduction 1.2 Technical Details ===================== When 'dired-x.el' is loaded, some standard Dired functions from 'dired.el' and 'dired-aux.el' offer additional features. 'dired-add-entry' obeys Dired Omit mode (*note Omitting Files in Dired::), if it is active. 'dired-find-buffer-nocreate' and 'dired-initial-position' respect the value of 'dired-find-subdir' (*note Miscellaneous Commands::). 'dired-clean-up-after-deletion' respects the value of 'dired-clean-up-buffers-too'. 'dired-read-shell-command' uses 'dired-guess-shell-command' (*note Shell Command Guessing::) to offer a smarter default command. File: dired-x.info, Node: Installation, Next: Omitting Files in Dired, Prev: Introduction, Up: Top 2 Installation ************** This manual describes the Dired features provided by the file 'dired-x.el'. To take advantage of these features, you must load the file and (optionally) set some variables. In your '~/.emacs' file, or in the system-wide initialization file 'default.el' in the 'site-lisp' directory, put (add-hook 'dired-load-hook (lambda () (load "dired-x") ;; Set dired-x global variables here. For example: ;; (setq dired-guess-shell-gnutar "gtar") ;; (setq dired-x-hands-off-my-keys nil) )) (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook (lambda () ;; Set dired-x buffer-local variables here. For example: ;; (dired-omit-mode 1) )) This will load 'dired-x.el' when Dired is first invoked (for example, when you first type 'C-x d'). * Menu: * Optional Installation Dired Jump:: * Optional Installation File At Point:: File: dired-x.info, Node: Optional Installation Dired Jump, Next: Optional Installation File At Point, Up: Installation 2.1 Optional Installation Dired Jump ==================================== In order to have 'dired-jump' and 'dired-jump-other-window' (*note Miscellaneous Commands::) work _before_ 'dired' and 'dired-x' have been properly loaded you should set-up an autoload for these functions. In your '.emacs' file put (autoload 'dired-jump "dired-x" "Jump to Dired buffer corresponding to current buffer." t) (autoload 'dired-jump-other-window "dired-x" "Like \\[dired-jump] (dired-jump) but in other window." t) (define-key global-map "\C-x\C-j" 'dired-jump) (define-key global-map "\C-x4\C-j" 'dired-jump-other-window) File: dired-x.info, Node: Optional Installation File At Point, Prev: Optional Installation Dired Jump, Up: Installation 2.2 Optional Installation File At Point ======================================= If you choose to have 'dired-x.el' bind 'dired-x-find-file' over 'find-file' (*note Find File At Point::), then you will need to set 'dired-x-hands-off-my-keys'. To do this, either set it _before_ 'dired-x.el' is loaded, or use 'M-x customize-variable', or call 'dired-x-bind-find-file' after changing the value. (add-hook 'dired-load-hook (lambda () ;; Bind dired-x-find-file. (setq dired-x-hands-off-my-keys nil) (load "dired-x") )) File: dired-x.info, Node: Omitting Files in Dired, Next: Local Variables, Prev: Installation, Up: Top 3 Omitting Files in Dired ************************* "Omitting" a file means removing it from the directory listing. Omitting is useful for keeping Dired buffers free of "uninteresting" files (for instance, auto-save, auxiliary, backup, and revision control files) so that the user can concentrate on the interesting files. Like hidden files, omitted files are never seen by Dired. Omitting differs from hiding in several respects: * Omitting works on individual files, not on directories; an entire directory cannot be omitted (though each of its files could be). * Omitting is wholesale; if omitting is turned on for a Dired buffer, then all uninteresting files listed in that buffer are omitted. The user does not omit (or unomit) files one at a time. * Omitting can be automatic; uninteresting file lines in the buffer can be removed before the user ever sees them. * Marked files are never omitted. 'M-o' ('dired-omit-mode') Toggle between displaying and omitting "uninteresting" files. '* O' ('dired-mark-omitted') Mark "uninteresting" files. In order to make Dired Omit work you first need to load 'dired-x.el' inside 'dired-load-hook' (*note Installation::) and then evaluate '(dired-omit-mode 1)' in some way (*note Omitting Variables::). * Menu: * Omitting Variables:: * Omitting Examples:: * Omitting Technical:: File: dired-x.info, Node: Omitting Variables, Next: Omitting Examples, Up: Omitting Files in Dired 3.1 Omitting Variables ====================== The following variables can be used to customize omitting. 'dired-omit-mode' Default: 'nil' If non-'nil', "uninteresting" files are not listed. Uninteresting files are those whose files whose names match regexp 'dired-omit-files', plus those ending with extensions in 'dired-omit-extensions'. 'M-o' ('dired-omit-mode') toggles its value, which is buffer-local. Put (dired-omit-mode 1) inside your 'dired-mode-hook' to have omitting initially turned on in _every_ Dired buffer (*note Installation::). You can then use 'M-o' to unomit in that buffer. To enable omitting automatically only in certain directories you can add a directory local setting (*note (emacs)Directory Variables::) for Dired mode ((dired-mode . ((dired-omit-mode . t)))) to a '.dir-locals.el' file in that directory. You can use the command 'add-dir-local-variable' to do this. 'dired-omit-files' Default: '"^#\\|\\.$"' Files whose names match this buffer-local regexp will not be displayed. This only has effect when 'dired-omit-mode''s value is 't'. The default value omits the special directories '.' and '..' and autosave files (plus other files ending in '.') (*note Omitting Examples::). 'dired-omit-extensions' Default: The elements of 'completion-ignored-extensions', 'dired-latex-unclean-extensions', 'dired-bibtex-unclean-extensions' and 'dired-texinfo-unclean-extensions'. If non-'nil', a list of extensions (strings) to omit from Dired listings. Its format is the same as that of 'completion-ignored-extensions'. 'dired-omit-localp' Default: 'no-dir' The LOCALP argument 'dired-omit-expunge' passes to 'dired-get-filename'. If it is 'no-dir', omitting is much faster, but you can only match against the non-directory part of the file name. Set it to 'nil' if you need to match the whole file name or 't' to match the file name relative to the buffer's top-level directory. 'dired-omit-marker-char' Default: 'C-o' Temporary marker used by Dired to implement omitting. Should never be used as marker by the user or other packages. There is one exception to this rule: by adding (setq dired-mark-keys "\C-o") ;; i.e., the value of dired-omit-marker-char ;; (which is not defined yet) to your '~/.emacs', you can bind the 'C-o' key to insert a 'C-o' marker, thus causing these files to be omitted in addition to the usually omitted files. Unfortunately the files you omitted manually this way will show up again after reverting the buffer, unlike the others. File: dired-x.info, Node: Omitting Examples, Next: Omitting Technical, Prev: Omitting Variables, Up: Omitting Files in Dired 3.2 Examples of Omitting Various File Types =========================================== * If you wish to avoid seeing RCS files and the 'RCS' directory, then put (setq dired-omit-files (concat dired-omit-files "\\|^RCS$\\|,v$")) in the 'dired-load-hook' (*note Installation::). This assumes 'dired-omit-localp' has its default value of 'no-dir' to make the '^'-anchored matches work. As a slower alternative, with 'dired-omit-localp' set to 'nil', you can use '/' instead of '^' in the regexp. * If you use 'tib', the bibliography program for use with TeX and LaTeX, and you want to omit the 'INDEX' and the '*-t.tex' files, then put (setq dired-omit-files (concat dired-omit-files "\\|^INDEX$\\|-t\\.tex$")) in the 'dired-load-hook' (*note Installation::). * If you do not wish to see 'dot' files (files starting with a '.'), then put (setq dired-omit-files (concat dired-omit-files "\\|^\\..+$")) in the 'dired-load-hook' (*note Installation::). (Of course, a better way to achieve this particular goal is simply to omit '-a' from 'dired-listing-switches'.) File: dired-x.info, Node: Omitting Technical, Prev: Omitting Examples, Up: Omitting Files in Dired 3.3 Some Technical Details of Omitting ====================================== Loading 'dired-x.el' will install Dired Omit by putting 'dired-omit-expunge' on your 'dired-after-readin-hook', and will call 'dired-extra-startup', which in turn calls 'dired-omit-startup' in your 'dired-mode-hook'. File: dired-x.info, Node: Local Variables, Next: Shell Command Guessing, Prev: Omitting Files in Dired, Up: Top 4 Local Variables for Dired Directories *************************************** This Dired-X feature is obsolete as of Emacs 24.1. The standard Emacs directory local variables mechanism (*note (emacs)Directory Variables::) replaces it. For an example of the new mechanisms, *note Omitting Variables::. When Dired visits a directory, it looks for a file whose name is the value of variable 'dired-local-variables-file' (default: '.dired'). If such a file is found, Dired will temporarily insert it into the Dired buffer and run 'hack-local-variables'. For example, if the user puts Local Variables: dired-actual-switches: "-lat" dired-omit-mode: t End: into a file called '.dired' in a directory then when that directory is viewed it will be 1. sorted by date 2. omitted automatically You can set 'dired-local-variables-file' to 'nil' to suppress this. The value of 'dired-enable-local-variables' controls if and how these local variables are read. This variable exists so that it may override the default value of 'enable-local-variables'. Please see the GNU Emacs Manual to learn more about local variables. *Note Local Variables in Files: (emacs)File Variables. The following variables affect Dired Local Variables 'dired-local-variables-file' Default: '".dired"' If non-'nil', file name for local variables for Dired. If Dired finds a file with that name in the current directory, it will temporarily insert it into the Dired buffer and run 'hack-local-variables'. 'dired-enable-local-variables' Default: 't' Controls the use of local-variables lists in Dired. This variable temporarily overrides the value of 'enable-local-variables' when the Dired Local Variables are hacked. It takes the same values as that variable. A value of 'nil' means to ignore any Dired Local Variables. File: dired-x.info, Node: Shell Command Guessing, Next: Virtual Dired, Prev: Local Variables, Up: Top 5 Shell Command Guessing ************************ Based upon the name of a file, Dired tries to guess what shell command you might want to apply to it. For example, if you have point on a file named 'foo.tar' and you press '!', Dired will guess you want to 'tar xvf' it and suggest that as the default shell command. The default is mentioned in brackets and you can type 'M-n' to get the default into the minibuffer and then edit it, e.g., to change 'tar xvf' to 'tar tvf'. If there are several commands for a given file, e.g., 'xtex' and 'dvips' for a '.dvi' file, you can type 'M-n' several times to see each of the matching commands. Dired only tries to guess a command for a single file, never for a list of marked files. 'dired-guess-shell-alist-default' Predefined rules for shell commands. Set this to 'nil' to turn guessing off. The elements of 'dired-guess-shell-alist-user' (defined by the user) will override these rules. 'dired-guess-shell-alist-user' If non-'nil', a user-defined alist of file regexps and their suggested commands. These rules take precedence over the predefined rules in the variable 'dired-guess-shell-alist-default' (to which they are prepended) when 'dired-do-shell-command' is run). Each element of the alist looks like (REGEXP COMMAND...) where each COMMAND can either be a string or a Lisp expression that evaluates to a string. If several commands are given, all of them will temporarily be pushed onto the history. If '*' in the shell command, that means to substitute the file name. You can set this variable in your '~/.emacs'. For example, to add rules for '.foo' and '.bar' file extensions, write (setq dired-guess-shell-alist-user (list (list "\\.foo$" "FOO-COMMAND");; fixed rule ;; possibly more rules... (list "\\.bar$";; rule with condition test '(if CONDITION "BAR-COMMAND-1" "BAR-COMMAND-2")))) This will override any predefined rules for the same extensions. 'dired-guess-shell-case-fold-search' Default: 't' Non-'nil' means 'dired-guess-shell-alist-default' and 'dired-guess-shell-alist-user' are matched case-insensitively. 'dired-guess-shell-gnutar' Default: 'nil' If non-'nil', this is the name of the GNU Tar executable (e.g., 'tar' or 'gnutar'). GNU Tar's 'z' switch is used for compressed tar files. If you don't have GNU tar, set this to 'nil': a pipe using 'zcat' is then used. 'dired-guess-shell-gzip-quiet' Default: 't' A non-'nil' value means that '-q' is passed to 'gzip' overriding a verbose option in the 'GZIP' environment variable. 'dired-guess-shell-znew-switches nil' Default: 'nil' A string of switches passed to 'znew'. An example is '-K' which will make 'znew' keep a '.Z' file when it is smaller than the '.gz' file. 'dired-shell-command-history nil' History list for commands that read dired-shell commands. File: dired-x.info, Node: Virtual Dired, Next: Advanced Mark Commands, Prev: Shell Command Guessing, Up: Top 6 Virtual Dired *************** Using "Virtual Dired" means putting a buffer with Dired-like contents in Dired mode. The files described by the buffer contents need not actually exist. This is useful if you want to peruse an 'ls -lR' output file, for example one you got from an FTP server. You can use all motion commands usually available in Dired. You can also use it to save a Dired buffer in a file and resume it in a later session. Type 'M-x dired-virtual' to put the current buffer into virtual Dired mode. You will be prompted for the top level directory of this buffer, with a default value guessed from the buffer contents. To convert the virtual to a real Dired buffer again, type 'g' (which calls 'dired-virtual-revert') in the virtual Dired buffer and answer 'y'. You don't have to do this, though: you can relist single subdirectories using 'l' ('dired-do-redisplay') on the subdirectory headerline, leaving the buffer in virtual Dired mode all the time. The function 'dired-virtual-mode' is specially designed to turn on virtual Dired mode from the 'auto-mode-alist'. To edit all '*.dired' files automatically in virtual Dired mode, put this into your '~/.emacs': (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("[^/]\\.dired$" . dired-virtual-mode) auto-mode-alist)) The regexp is a bit more complicated than usual to exclude '.dired' local-variable files. File: dired-x.info, Node: Advanced Mark Commands, Next: Multiple Dired Directories, Prev: Virtual Dired, Up: Top 7 Advanced Mark Commands ************************ 'F' ('dired-do-find-marked-files') Find all marked files at once displaying them simultaneously. If optional NOSELECT is non-'nil' then just find the files but do not select. If you want to keep the Dired buffer displayed, type 'C-x 2' first. If you want just the marked files displayed and nothing else, type 'C-x 1' first. The current window is split across all files marked, as evenly as possible. Remaining lines go to the bottom-most window. The number of files that can be displayed this way is restricted by the height of the current window and the variable 'window-min-height'. 'dired-mark-extension' Mark all files with a certain extension for use in later commands. A '.' is not automatically prepended to the string entered, you must type it explicitly. When called from Lisp, EXTENSION may also be a list of extensions and an optional argument MARKER-CHAR specifies the marker used. 'dired-flag-extension' Flag all files with a certain extension for deletion. A '.' is _not_ automatically prepended to the string entered. * Menu: * Advanced Cleaning Functions:: * Advanced Cleaning Variables:: * Special Marking Function:: File: dired-x.info, Node: Advanced Cleaning Functions, Next: Advanced Cleaning Variables, Up: Advanced Mark Commands 7.1 Advanced Cleaning Functions =============================== 'dired-clean-patch' Flag dispensable files created by the 'patch' program for deletion. See variable 'dired-patch-unclean-extensions'. 'dired-clean-tex' Flag dispensable files created by TeX, LaTeX, and 'texinfo' for deletion. See the following variables (*note Advanced Cleaning Variables::): * 'dired-tex-unclean-extensions' * 'dired-texinfo-unclean-extensions' * 'dired-latex-unclean-extensions' * 'dired-bibtex-unclean-extensions' 'dired-very-clean-tex' Flag dispensable files created by TeX, LaTeX, 'texinfo', and '*.dvi' files for deletion. File: dired-x.info, Node: Advanced Cleaning Variables, Next: Special Marking Function, Prev: Advanced Cleaning Functions, Up: Advanced Mark Commands 7.2 Advanced Cleaning Variables =============================== Variables used by the above cleaning commands (and in the default value for variable 'dired-omit-extensions', *note Omitting Variables::) 'dired-patch-unclean-extensions' Default: '(".rej" ".orig")' List of extensions of dispensable files created by the 'patch' program. 'dired-tex-unclean-extensions' Default: '(".toc" ".log" ".aux")' List of extensions of dispensable files created by TeX. 'dired-texinfo-unclean-extensions' Default: '(".cp" ".cps" ".fn" ".fns" ".ky" ".kys"' '".pg" ".pgs" ".tp" ".tps" ".vr" ".vrs")' List of extensions of dispensable files created by 'texinfo'. 'dired-latex-unclean-extensions' Default: '(".idx" ".lof" ".lot" ".glo")' List of extensions of dispensable files created by LaTeX. 'dired-bibtex-unclean-extensions' Default: '(".blg" ".bbl")' List of extensions of dispensable files created by BibTeX. File: dired-x.info, Node: Special Marking Function, Prev: Advanced Cleaning Variables, Up: Advanced Mark Commands 7.3 Special Marking Function ============================ 'M-(' ('dired-mark-sexp') Mark files for which PREDICATE returns non-'nil'. With a prefix argument, unflag those files instead. The PREDICATE is a Lisp expression that can refer to the following symbols: 'inode' [integer] the inode of the file (only for 'ls -i' output) 's' [integer] the size of the file for 'ls -s' output (usually in blocks or, with '-k', in KBytes) 'mode' [string] file permission bits, e.g., '-rw-r--r--' 'nlink' [integer] number of links to file 'uid' [string] owner 'gid' [string] group (If the gid is not displayed by 'ls', this will still be set (to the same as uid)) 'size' [integer] file size in bytes 'time' [string] the time that 'ls' displays, e.g., 'Feb 12 14:17' 'name' [string] the name of the file 'sym' [string] if file is a symbolic link, the linked-to name, else '""' For example, use (equal 0 size) to mark all zero length files. To find out all not yet compiled Emacs Lisp files in a directory, Dired all '.el' files in the lisp directory using the wildcard '*.el'. Then use 'M-(' with (not (file-exists-p (concat name "c"))) to mark all '.el' files without a corresponding '.elc' file. File: dired-x.info, Node: Multiple Dired Directories, Next: Find File At Point, Prev: Advanced Mark Commands, Up: Top 8 Multiple Dired Directories and Non-Dired Commands *************************************************** An Emacs buffer can have but one working directory, stored in the buffer-local variable 'default-directory'. A Dired buffer may have several subdirectories inserted, but it still has only one working directory: that of the top-level Dired directory in that buffer. For some commands it is appropriate that they use the current Dired directory instead of 'default-directory', e.g., 'find-file' and 'compile'. The command 'dired-smart-shell-command', bound to 'M-!' in Dired buffers, is like 'shell-command', but it runs with 'default-directory' bound to the current Dired directory. File: dired-x.info, Node: Find File At Point, Next: Miscellaneous Commands, Prev: Multiple Dired Directories, Up: Top 9 Find File At Point ******************** 'dired-x' provides a method of visiting or editing a file mentioned in the buffer you are viewing (e.g., a mail buffer, a news article, a 'README' file, etc.) or to test if that file exists. You can then modify this in the minibuffer after snatching the file name. When installed 'dired-x' will substitute 'dired-x-find-file' for 'find-file' (normally bound to 'C-x C-f') and 'dired-x-find-file-other-window' for 'find-file-other-window' (normally bound to 'C-x 4 C-f'). In order to use this feature, you will need to set 'dired-x-hands-off-my-keys' to 'nil' inside 'dired-load-hook' (*note Optional Installation File At Point::). 'dired-x-find-file' 'dired-x-find-file' behaves exactly like 'find-file' (normally bound to 'C-x C-f') unless a prefix argument is passed to the function in which case it will use the file name at point as a guess for the file to visit. For example, if the buffer you were reading contained the words Available via anonymous ftp in /roebling.poly.edu:/pub/lisp/crypt++.el.gz then you could move your cursor to the line containing the ftp address and type 'C-u C-x C-f' (the 'C-u' is a universal argument). The minibuffer would read Find file: /roebling.poly.edu:/pub/lisp/crypt++.el.gz with the point after the last '/'. If you hit <RET>, emacs will visit the file at that address. This also works with files on your own computer. 'dired-x-find-file-other-window' 'dired-x-find-file-other-window' behaves exactly like 'find-file-other-window' (normally bound to 'C-x 4 C-f') unless a prefix argument is used. See 'dired-x-find-file' for more information. 'dired-x-hands-off-my-keys' If set to 't', then it means that 'dired-x' should _not_ bind 'dired-x-find-file' over 'find-file' on keyboard. Similarly, it should not bind 'dired-x-find-file-other-window' over 'find-file-other-window'. If you change this variable after 'dired-x.el' is loaded then do 'M-x dired-x-bind-find-file'. The default value of this variable is 't'; by default, the binding is not done. See *Note Optional Installation File At Point::. 'dired-x-bind-find-file' A function, which can be called interactively or in your '~/.emacs' file, that uses the value of 'dired-x-hands-off-my-keys' to determine if 'dired-x-find-file' should be bound over 'find-file' and 'dired-x-find-file-other-window' bound over 'find-file-other-window'. See *Note Optional Installation File At Point::. File: dired-x.info, Node: Miscellaneous Commands, Next: Bugs, Prev: Find File At Point, Up: Top 10 Miscellaneous Commands ************************* Miscellaneous features not fitting anywhere else: 'dired-find-subdir' Default: 'nil' If non-'nil', Dired does not make a new buffer for a directory if it can be found (perhaps as subdirectory) in some existing Dired buffer. If there are several Dired buffers for a directory, the most recently used is chosen. Dired avoids switching to the current buffer, so that if you have a normal and a wildcard buffer for the same directory, 'C-x d RET' will toggle between those two. 'M-G' ('dired-goto-subdir') Go to the header line of an inserted directory. This command reads its argument, with completion derived from the names of the inserted subdirectories. 'dired-jump' Bound to 'C-x C-j'. Jump back to Dired: If in a file, edit the current directory and move to file's line. If in Dired already, pop up a level and go to old directory's line. In case the proper Dired file line cannot be found, refresh the Dired buffer and try again. 'dired-jump-other-window' Bound to 'C-x 4 C-j'. Like 'dired-jump', but to other window. These functions can be autoloaded so they work even though 'dired-x.el' has not been loaded yet (*note Optional Installation Dired Jump::). If the variable 'dired-bind-jump' is 'nil', 'dired-jump' will not be bound to 'C-x C-j' and 'dired-jump-other-window' will not be bound to 'C-x 4 C-j'. 'dired-vm' Bound to 'V' if 'dired-bind-vm' is 't'. Run VM on this file (assumed to be a UNIX mail folder). If you give this command a prefix argument, it will visit the folder read-only. If the variable 'dired-vm-read-only-folders' is 't', 'dired-vm' will visit all folders read-only. If it is neither 'nil' nor 't', e.g., the symbol 'if-file-read-only', only files not writable by you are visited read-only. If the variable 'dired-bind-vm' is 't', 'dired-vm' will be bound to 'V'. Otherwise, 'dired-bind-rmail' will be bound. 'dired-rmail' Bound to 'V' if 'dired-bind-vm' is 'nil'. Run Rmail on this file (assumed to be mail folder in Rmail format). 'dired-info' Bound to 'I'. Run Info on this file (assumed to be a file in Info format). If the variable 'dired-bind-info' is 'nil', 'dired-info' will not be bound to 'I'. 'dired-man' Bound to 'N'. Run man on this file (assumed to be a file in 'nroff' format). If the variable 'dired-bind-man' is 'nil', 'dired-man' will not be bound to 'N'. 'dired-do-relsymlink' Bound to 'Y'. Relative symlink all marked (or next ARG) files into a directory, or make a relative symbolic link to the current file. This creates relative symbolic links like foo -> ../bar/foo not absolute ones like foo -> /ugly/path/that/may/change/any/day/bar/foo 'dired-do-relsymlink-regexp' Bound to '%Y'. Relative symlink all marked files containing REGEXP to NEWNAME. See functions 'dired-do-rename-regexp' and 'dired-do-relsymlink' for more info. File: dired-x.info, Node: Bugs, Next: GNU Free Documentation License, Prev: Miscellaneous Commands, Up: Top 11 Bugs ******* If you encounter a bug in this package, or wish to suggest an enhancement, then please use 'M-x report-emacs-bug' to report it. File: dired-x.info, Node: GNU Free Documentation License, Next: Concept Index, Prev: Bugs, Up: Top Appendix A GNU Free Documentation License ***************************************** Version 1.3, 3 November 2008 Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/> Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 0. PREAMBLE The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others. This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software. We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under copyright law. A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language. A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them. The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. If a section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none. The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words. A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, that is suitable for revising the document straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. 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List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you from this requirement. C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher. D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices. F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. H. Include an unaltered copy of this License. I. 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COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document. If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate. 8. TRANSLATION Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include the original English version of this License and the original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original version of this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual title. 9. TERMINATION You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation. Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the notice. Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does not give you any rights to use it. 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See <http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/>. Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the Document. 11. RELICENSING "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site. "CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco, California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license published by that same organization. "Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or in part, as part of another Document. An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this License, and if all works that were first published under this License somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008. The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009, provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing. ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents ==================================================== To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page: Copyright (C) YEAR YOUR NAME. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''. If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, replace the "with...Texts." line with this: with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST. If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the situation. If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their use in free software. File: dired-x.info, Node: Concept Index, Next: Command Index, Prev: GNU Free Documentation License, Up: Top Concept Index ************* [index] * Menu: * Autoloading 'dired-jump' and 'dired-jump-other-window': Optional Installation Dired Jump. (line 6) * Binding 'dired-x-find-file': Optional Installation File At Point. (line 6) * Bugs: Bugs. (line 6) * Customizing file omitting: Omitting Variables. (line 6) * 'dired-aux.el': Technical Details. (line 6) * Dot files, how to omit them in Dired: Omitting Examples. (line 27) * Features: Features. (line 6) * Finding a file at point: Find File At Point. (line 6) * Guessing shell commands for files.: Shell Command Guessing. (line 6) * 'gzip': Shell Command Guessing. (line 72) * How to make omitting the default in Dired: Omitting Variables. (line 12) * Jumping to Dired listing containing file.: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 28) * Lisp expression, marking files with in Dired: Special Marking Function. (line 7) * Local Variables for Dired Directories: Local Variables. (line 6) * 'ls' listings, how to peruse them in Dired: Virtual Dired. (line 6) * Mark file by Lisp expression: Special Marking Function. (line 7) * Modified functions: Technical Details. (line 6) * Multiple Dired directories: Multiple Dired Directories. (line 6) * Omitting additional files: Omitting Variables. (line 67) * Omitting dot files in Dired: Omitting Examples. (line 27) * Omitting Files in Dired: Omitting Files in Dired. (line 6) * Omitting RCS files in Dired: Omitting Examples. (line 6) * Omitting tib files in Dired: Omitting Examples. (line 18) * Passing GNU Tar its 'z' switch.: Shell Command Guessing. (line 64) * Perusing 'ls' listings: Virtual Dired. (line 6) * RCS files, how to omit them in Dired: Omitting Examples. (line 6) * Reading mail.: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 46) * Reading mail. <1>: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 61) * Relative symbolic links.: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 79) * Running info.: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 65) * Running man.: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 72) * Simultaneous visiting of several files: Advanced Mark Commands. (line 7) * Tib files, how to omit them in Dired: Omitting Examples. (line 18) * Uninteresting files: Omitting Files in Dired. (line 6) * Virtual Dired: Virtual Dired. (line 6) * Visiting a file mentioned in a buffer: Find File At Point. (line 6) * Visiting several files at once: Advanced Mark Commands. (line 7) * Working directory: Multiple Dired Directories. (line 6) * 'znew': Shell Command Guessing. (line 78) File: dired-x.info, Node: Command Index, Next: Key Index, Prev: Concept Index, Up: Top Function Index ************** [index] * Menu: * dired-clean-patch: Advanced Cleaning Functions. (line 7) * dired-clean-tex: Advanced Cleaning Functions. (line 11) * dired-do-find-marked-files: Advanced Mark Commands. (line 7) * dired-do-relsymlink: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 79) * dired-do-relsymlink-regexp: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 90) * dired-flag-extension: Advanced Mark Commands. (line 27) * dired-goto-subdir: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 22) * dired-info: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 65) * dired-jump: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 28) * dired-jump-other-window: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 35) * dired-man: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 72) * dired-mark-extension: Advanced Mark Commands. (line 19) * dired-mark-omitted: Omitting Files in Dired. (line 29) * dired-mark-sexp: Special Marking Function. (line 7) * dired-omit-mode: Omitting Files in Dired. (line 26) * dired-rmail: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 61) * dired-smart-shell-command: Multiple Dired Directories. (line 14) * dired-very-clean-tex: Advanced Cleaning Functions. (line 21) * dired-virtual: Virtual Dired. (line 13) * dired-virtual-mode: Virtual Dired. (line 22) * dired-virtual-revert: Virtual Dired. (line 13) * dired-vm: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 46) * dired-x-bind-find-file: Find File At Point. (line 60) * dired-x-find-file: Find File At Point. (line 21) * dired-x-find-file-other-window: Find File At Point. (line 44) * shell-command: Multiple Dired Directories. (line 14) File: dired-x.info, Node: Key Index, Next: Variable Index, Prev: Command Index, Up: Top Key Index ********* [index] * Menu: * %Y: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 90) * * O: Omitting Files in Dired. (line 29) * C-x 4 C-f: Find File At Point. (line 44) * C-x 4 C-j: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 35) * C-x C-f: Find File At Point. (line 21) * C-x C-j: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 28) * F: Advanced Mark Commands. (line 7) * g: Virtual Dired. (line 13) * I: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 65) * M-!: Multiple Dired Directories. (line 14) * M-(: Special Marking Function. (line 7) * M-G: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 22) * M-o: Omitting Files in Dired. (line 26) * N: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 72) * V: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 46) * Y: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 79) File: dired-x.info, Node: Variable Index, Prev: Key Index, Up: Top Variable Index ************** [index] * Menu: * auto-mode-alist: Virtual Dired. (line 22) * dired-bibtex-unclean-extensions: Advanced Cleaning Variables. (line 32) * dired-bind-info: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 68) * dired-bind-jump: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 41) * dired-bind-man: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 75) * dired-bind-vm: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 57) * dired-enable-local-variables: Local Variables. (line 6) * dired-enable-local-variables <1>: Local Variables. (line 47) * dired-find-subdir: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 9) * dired-guess-shell-alist-default: Shell Command Guessing. (line 21) * dired-guess-shell-alist-user: Shell Command Guessing. (line 26) * dired-guess-shell-case-fold-search: Shell Command Guessing. (line 58) * dired-guess-shell-gnutar: Shell Command Guessing. (line 64) * dired-guess-shell-gzip-quiet: Shell Command Guessing. (line 72) * dired-guess-shell-znew-switches nil: Shell Command Guessing. (line 78) * dired-latex-unclean-extensions: Advanced Cleaning Variables. (line 27) * dired-local-variables-file: Local Variables. (line 6) * dired-local-variables-file <1>: Local Variables. (line 39) * dired-omit-extensions: Omitting Variables. (line 45) * dired-omit-files: Omitting Variables. (line 33) * dired-omit-localp: Omitting Variables. (line 55) * dired-omit-marker-char: Omitting Variables. (line 67) * dired-omit-mode: Omitting Variables. (line 8) * dired-patch-unclean-extensions: Advanced Cleaning Variables. (line 10) * dired-shell-command-history nil: Shell Command Guessing. (line 85) * dired-tex-unclean-extensions: Advanced Cleaning Variables. (line 16) * dired-texinfo-unclean-extensions: Advanced Cleaning Variables. (line 21) * dired-vm-read-only-folders: Miscellaneous Commands. (line 49) * dired-x-hands-off-my-keys: Find File At Point. (line 51)
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